Causes

Several factors can contribute to the development of pericoronitis:

1. Eruption of Wisdom Teeth – The most common cause is a wisdom tooth that has only partially emerged through the gums, creating a pocket where bacteria can accumulate.
2. Improper Dental Care Hygiene – The partial eruption can make it difficult to properly clean the affected tooth area which may increase the risk of plaque formation.
3. Bacterial Infection – The food debris that gets trapped in the gum flap may start causing inflammation.
4. Trauma from Opposing Teeth – The upper wisdom tooth can put a lot of pressure on the swollen gum tissue surrounding the lower tooth.
5. Stress and Weakened Immune System – People who are experiencing stress or any sort of illness or weak immune system can be more prone to getting dental infections, including pericoronitis.

Is Pericoronitis considered an emergency?

In some cases, yes.

While mild cases may be managed with prompt dental treatment, severe pericoronitis can spread to surrounding tissues and, in rare cases, lead to more serious infections affecting the face, jaw and neck.

If you feel that:

• You suffer from acute pain
• You have problems with swallowing
• You cannot breathe right
• Significant facial swelling
• You have high temperature

These symptoms may indicate a spreading infection that requires urgent attention.

Options for Treating Pericoronitis

Treatment depends on the severity of the infection and whether the problem is likely to recur.

• Professional Cleaning – The dentist may opt for a thorough cleaning of the areas surrounding the tooth to eliminate bacteria, gunk, and plaque trapped under the flap of the gum.

• Antibacterial Rinses – Infection-control can be improved by using antiseptic mouthwashes for lowering bacteria levels.

• Antibiotics – In case of severe infection, antibiotics can be applied in combination with other procedures.

• Wisdom Tooth Extraction – In such cases of Pericoronitis returning over and over again, the best option may be to take out the painful wisdom teeth in a matter of one procedure. The extraction of wisdom teeth can poison the problem and safeguard one from other discomforts.

• Operculectomy – In some situations, the gum flap can be removed in order to clear the gum and the tooth in a process called operculectomy. The dentist will determine whether this treatment is suitable based on the tooth’s position and overall prognosis.

Recovery from Pericoronitis treatment

Recovery depends on the level of infection and the treatment given. Most individuals will feel better after a few days of treatment. In case of a tooth extraction procedure, recovery will take one to two weeks, and the dentist will give you aftercare advice. Maintaining good oral hygiene practices and regular follow-ups will help in achieving effective healing and avoiding future occurrences.

When Should You See a Dentist?

You should book an appointment if you notice:

• Pain in the wisdom tooth area
• Gum swelling
• Bad breath even when brushing
• Difficulties chewing food
• Jaw stiffness
• Recurrent infections around wisdom teeth

Early treatment is usually less complicated and uncomfortable compared to delayed treatment.